GROUNDWORK
Chapter 2 - Variables and Types

Name: ________________________________     Date: ______________

Fill in every blank. Where a term is asked for, write the word the course
uses. Where code is asked for, write exact Java. Where output is asked
for, write what the program prints, one line per line.


VOCABULARY
----------

 1. A __________________ is a name that holds a value.

 2. Every value in Java has a __________________, which determines what
    you can do with it.

 3. Joining two strings glues them end to end, an operation called
    __________________.

 4. The text inside IO.readln() that asks the user a question, such as
    "What is your name? ", is called the __________________.

 5. Java's naming convention for variables, a lowercase first word and a
    capital letter starting each later word, as in finalScore, is called
    __________________.


READING CODE
------------

 6. What does this print?

        int count = 5;
        count = count + 1;
        IO.println(count);

    ____________________________________

 7. What does this print?

        int count = 7;
        double weight = 7.0;
        String label = "7";
        boolean ready = true;
        IO.println(count);
        IO.println(weight);
        IO.println(label);
        IO.println(ready);

    ____________________________________

 8. What does this print?

        IO.println(7 + 7);
        IO.println("7" + "7");

    ____________________________________

 9. What does this print?

        int a = 10;
        int b = a;
        a = 99;
        IO.println(a + " " + b);

    ____________________________________

10. What does this print?

        IO.println((int) 3.9);
        IO.println(Integer.parseInt("14"));

    ____________________________________


WRITING CODE
------------

11. Complete this line so the text typed by the user is converted to a
    whole number before arithmetic is done: int age =
    __________________(IO.readln("How old are you? ").strip());

12. Complete this program so the variable used on the last line exists:
    int score = 42; __________________ = "Ada";
    IO.println(player + " scored " + score);

13. Complete this line so a temperature with a decimal point can be read
    without crashing, where answer holds the text the user typed:
    double fahrenheit = __________________(answer.strip());


WHY IT WORKS
------------

14. In int a = 10; int b = a; a = 99;, the line int b = a; copies the
    value 10 into b at that moment; b does not stay linked to the name a.
    So after a = 99; runs, printing b still shows __________________.

15. Java fully works out the right side of = before doing anything else,
    so count = count + 1; first works out count's __________________
    value, adds 1, and only then stores the __________________ value in
    count.

16. IO.println(age + 1) prints 141 rather than 15 when age comes from
    IO.readln and the user types 14, because IO.readln always gives back
    a __________________, even when the user types a number made only of
    digits.