GROUNDWORK
Chapter 3 - Expressions and Operators

Name: ________________________________     Date: ______________

Fill in every blank. Where a term is asked for, write the word the course
uses. Where code is asked for, write exact Java. Where output is asked
for, write what the program prints, one line per line.


VOCABULARY
----------

 1. An __________________ is anything Java can work out to produce a
    single value, such as 7 or 3 + 4.

 2. Java __________________ an expression, reducing it down to one
    value.

 3. The first argument of String.format, the text with placeholders
    starting with %, is called the __________________.

 4. The %.2f inside a format string is called a __________________: it
    controls how the value is displayed.


READING CODE
------------

 5. What does this print?

        IO.println((17 / 5) + " " + (17 % 5) + " " + (17 / 5.0));

    ____________________________________

 6. What does this print?

        IO.println(10 + 3 * 2);
        IO.println((10 + 3) * 2);
        IO.println(Math.pow(2, 3) * 4);

    ____________________________________

 7. What does this print?

        String name = "Ada";
        double score = 91.5;
        IO.println(String.format("%s scored %.1f points.", name, score));

    ____________________________________

 8. What does this print?

        IO.println("-".repeat(10));
        IO.println("ab".repeat(3));

    ____________________________________

 9. What does this print?

        int score = 0;
        score += 10;
        score += 25;
        score *= 2;
        IO.println(score);

    ____________________________________

10. What does this print?

        IO.println((7 / 2) + " " + (7 % 2) + " " + (7 / 2.0));
        IO.println(Math.pow(2, Math.pow(3, 2)));
        IO.println("5".repeat(3));
        IO.println(Integer.parseInt("5") * 3);

    ____________________________________


WRITING CODE
------------

11. Complete this line so it prints 1024.0, which is 2 to the power 10:
    IO.println(__________________(2, 10));

12. Complete this format string so a dollar total always shows exactly
    two decimal places:
    double total = 7.5;
    IO.println(String.format("Total: $__________________", total));

13. Rewrite x = x + 3; using the shorthand assignment operator:
    x __________________ 3;


WHY IT WORKS
------------

14. 0.1 + 0.2 prints 0.30000000000000004 because computers store a double
    in __________________, and just as 1/3 cannot be written exactly as
    a decimal, 0.1 cannot be written exactly in that format either.

15. / on two ints drops the fraction by truncating toward
    __________________, which is why -17 / 5 is -3 rather than -4.

16. __________________ assigns a value to a variable, while
    __________________ asks whether two values are equal and produces a
    boolean.